By the 1990s, it was recognized as one of the most polluted bodies of water in the United States. Even though most industrial tenants stopped using the Gowanus Canal in the middle of the 20th century, the pollution was never remedied. Various attempts to remove the pollution or dilute the canal's water have failed. By the end of the 19th century, heavy industrial use had caused large amounts of pollutants to drain into the Gowanus Canal. The canal arose in the mid-19th century from local tidal wetlands and freshwater streams. Seven bridges cross the canal, carrying, from north to south, Union Street, Carroll Street, Third Street, the New York City Subway's Culver Viaduct, Ninth Street, Hamilton Avenue, and the Gowanus Expressway. It continues to be used for occasional movement of goods and daily navigation of small boats, tugs and barges.Ĭonnected to Gowanus Bay in Upper New York Bay, the Gowanus Canal borders the neighborhoods of Red Hook, Carroll Gardens, and Gowanus, all within South Brooklyn, to the west Park Slope to the east Boerum Hill and Cobble Hill to the north and Sunset Park to the south. Once a vital cargo transportation hub, the canal has seen decreasing use since the mid-20th century, parallel with the decline of domestic waterborne shipping. The Gowanus Canal (originally known as the Gowanus Creek) is a 1.8-mile-long (2.9 km) canal in the New York City borough of Brooklyn, on the westernmost portion of Long Island.
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